HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SOSIAL EKONOMI DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA REMAJA PUTRI SMK NEGERI 6 PALU
Lilis Suryani, Rafika Rafika, Sri Indra Astuti Sy Gani
Abstract
Anemia merupakan masalah gizi dengan prevalensi yang tinggi sebesar 46% dari seluruh populasi remaja yang ada. Remaja putri mudah terserang anemia karena pada umumnya masyarakat Indonesia (termasuk remaja putri) lebih banyak mengkonsumsi makanan nabati yang kandungan zat besinya lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan makanan hewani. Hasil survei pendahuluan dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2017 di SMKN 6 Palu dengan cara pemeriksaan Hb menggunakan alat periksa digital pada 10 responden, didapatkan 5 responden dengan kadar HB < 12 gr/dL dan 5 responden memiliki kadar Hb ≥ 12 gr/dL. Tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sosial ekonomi dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri. Jenis penelitian cross sectional dan dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan Juli 2017 di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 6 Kota Palu. Populasi remaja putri 271 orang. Sampel berjumlah 162 orang, dengan teknik sampaling Simple random sampling . Analisis dengan uji chi square . Hasil diperoleh pengetahuan baik sebanyak 82 responden (50,6%), dan responden yang kurang baik sebanyak 80 responden (49,4%). Hasil uji chi square didapatkan nilai p = 0,000. Pendapatan tinggi sebanyak 97 responden (59,9%), dan pendapatan rendah sebanyak 65 responden (40,1%). Hasil uji chi square nilai p = 0,000. Kesimpulan ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sosial ekonomi dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 6 Kota Palu Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Saran perlu merutinkan program Puskesmas untuk memberikan tablet Fe kepada siswa/siswi dan mengevalusi kepatuhan siswa/siswi mengkonsumsi tablet sehingga angka kejadian anemia dapat dicegah.
Kata kunci : pengetahuan, sosial ekonomi, remaja, anemia
References
Briawan, Arumsari, E. dan Pusporini. 2011. Faktor Risiko Anemia pada Siswi Program Supementasi. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, vol 06(01). Tersedia pada: http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/ jgizipangan/issue/ view/687.
Caturwiningtiyas. 2015. Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan, Sikap Dan Perilaku Dengan Kejadian Anemia Remaja Putri Kelas X Dan Xi Sma Negeri 1 Polokarto. Prodi Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Farida. 2010. Determinan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
Fatimah. 2012. Anemia dalam Gizi dan Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Kemenkes RI. 2012. Program Penanggulangan anemia pada WUS. Jakarta: Dirjen Gizi Depkes RI.
Khomsan, A dan Anwar, F. 2013. Makan Tepat Badan Sehat. Hikmah.
Royani. 2011. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan KajadianAnemia pada Remaja Putri di SMU Negeri Payakumbuh. FKM-UI.
Soetjiningsih. 2014. Tumbuh Kembang Remaja Dan Permasalahannya. CV Agung Seto.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32382/mak.v11i1.1513
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