KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS FARMAKOLOGI Orthosiphon aristatus

Luh Vela Septyani; Ni Putu Mas Arya Shinta

doi:10.32382/mf.v17i1.2048

KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS FARMAKOLOGI Orthosiphon aristatus

Luh Vela Septyani, Ni Putu Mas Arya Shinta

Abstract

Phytochemical Content And Pharmacological Activity Of Orthosiphon Aristatus

Orthosiphon aristatus is a plant widely grown in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia and Australia. This plant has been used traditionally to treat several diseases. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the phytochemical content, pharmacological effects and traditional uses of O. aristatus. The study was carried out through literature review of secondary data sources in the form of national and international scientific journals. Meanwhile, based on several studies, about 45 phytochemicals have been isolated from this plant.Pharmacological studies of extracts, fractions, essential oils, and pure compounds isolated showed the presence of gastroprotective, antioxidant, cytotoxic, diuretic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiobesity, antibacterial, antifungal and hepatoprotective activity. Furthermore, sinensetin, eupatorin, and rosmarinic acid are the main ingredients with significant pharmacological effects. The results showed that O. aristatus has various phytochemical compositions and pharmacological activities which potentially improve the degree of health and human life.

Keywords : Orthosiphon aristatus, Sinensetin, Eupatorin, Rosmarinic Acid

Orthosiphon aristatus merupakan tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di wilayah Asia Tenggara yang seperti Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, dan Australia. Khasiat tumbuhan ini telah banyak digunakan secara tradisional untuk mengobati beberapa penyakit. Tujuan dari review ini adalah memberikan tinjauan yang komprehensif tentang kandungan fitokimia, efek farmakologi, dan penggunaan O. aristatus secara tradisional. Metode penyusunan review melalui studi pustaka pada sumber data sekunder berupa jurnal ilmiah nasional dan internasional. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 45 kandungan fitokimia yang diisolasi dari tanaman ini. Studi farmakologi terhadap ekstrak, fraksi, minyak esensial, dan senyawa murni yang diisolasi menunjukkan adanya aktivitas farmakologi gastroprotektif, antioksidan, sitotoksik, diuretik, antidiabetes, antihipertensi, antiinflamasi, antipiretik, antiobesitas, antibakteri, antifungi, dan hepatoprotektif. Sinensetin, eupatorin, dan asam rosmarinik merupakan kandungan utama yang memiliki banyak efek farmakologis. Dari hasil review yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa O. aristatus memiliki komposisi fitokimia dan aktivitas farmakologi beragam yang dapat meningkatkan taraf kesehatan dan kehidupan manusia.

Kata Kunci: Orthosiphon aristatus, Sinensetin, Eupatorin, Asam Rosmarinik

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32382/mf.v17i1.2048