Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol Herba Rumput Akar Wangi (Polygala paniculata L.) Terhadap Sel Kanker Widr Secara In Vitro

Muh. Azwar AR; Asril Burhan; Akbar Awaluddin; Virna Yulisa Mustidar

doi:10.32382/mf.v17i2.2154

Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol Herba Rumput Akar Wangi (Polygala paniculata L.) Terhadap Sel Kanker Widr Secara In Vitro

Muh. Azwar AR, Asril Burhan, Akbar Awaluddin, Virna Yulisa Mustidar

Abstract

The development of cancer treatment using natural ingredients has recently increased. This is because many of the active substances are found in nature, especially in plants, have many substances that can interrupt abnormal growth cells. The Polygala paniculata herbs have become a concern to be developed into potential anticancer candidates originating from nature. This study aims to take measurements of the Polygala paniculata L. ethanolic extract cytotoxic activity on WiDr cancer cells based on IC₅₀ values. Absolute ethanol was used as a solvent to extracting it by maceration method. The Polygala paniculata L. herbs ethanol extract were carried for the cytotoxic assay by the MTT method (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-il) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) on WiDr cells. The extract was tested with a concentration of 31.25 µg / ml; 62.5 µg / ml; and 125 µg / ml; 250 µg / ml; 500 µg / ml. The result of cytotoxic activity assay at IC₅₀ 80,52 µg / ml was less than 100 ppm. The results showed that Polygala paniculata herb ethanolic extract had a potential as an alternative of chemotherapy.

Key words: Cytotoxic;Vernonia amygdalina Del.; WiDr; MTT

Perkembangan Pengobatan kanker dari bahan alam akhir-akhir ini meningkat. Hal ini karena banyak zat aktif yang terdapat di alam memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker. Diantara tanaman yang mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antikanker ialah herba rumput akar wangi (Polygala paniculata L.) Tanaman herba rumput akar wangi kini menjadi perhatian untuk dikembangkan menjadi kandidat antikanker yang potensial yang bersumber dari alam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mencari aktivitas antikanker ekstrak etanol herba rumput akar wangi terhadap sel kanker WiDr berdasarkan nilai IC₅₀. Tahap awal dilakukan maserasi simplisia menggunakan etanol absolut. Ektrak etanol selanjutnya diuji toksisitas dengan metode MTT (3-(4,5- dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difenil tetrazolium bromida). untuk melihat potensi antikanker dari ekstrak etanol herba rumput akar wangi. Ekstrak diuji dengan konsentrasi yaitu 500 µg/ml, 250 µg/ml, 125 µg/ml, 62,5 µg/ml, 31,25 µg/ml. Diperoleh nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 80,52 µg/ml yaitu kurang dari 100 ppm. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ekstrak etanol herba rumput akar wangi berpotensi sebagai alternatif kemoterapi.

Kata kunci: Cytotoxic; Polygala paniculata L.; WiDr; MTT

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32382/mf.v17i2.2154