Formulasi Dan Uji Efektivitas Anti Inflamasi Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) Secara In Vitro

Abstract

Formulation and Anti-Inflammatory Effectiveness of Ethanol Extracts of Soursop Leaves (Annona Muricata L.) Using In Vitro Assay

Inflammation-reducing medications like steroids and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to have considerable side effects, so an alternative with minimal side effects is needed. Besides administering anti-inflammatories orally, topical preparations are also increasingly being developed for reasons of practicality and minimal side effects that can occur. Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) are commonly utilized by the community as a medicinal plant for treating inflammation. Several studies have shown that soursop leaf extract has anti-inflammatory effects. This research is a laboratory experimental study that aims to test the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory cream preparations of soursop leaf extract in vitro. The cream preparations that had been formulated were tested for stability before and after accelerated storage. Anti-inflammatory effectiveness test in vitro using protein denaturation inhibition method by making each series of Na positive control solution. Diclofenac, cream preparation, and negative control were dissolved using 0.2% BSA solution in TBS solvent pH 6.2 – 6.5. Then the solution was incubated for 30 minutes and heated for 2 minutes at 100⁰C. After cooling, the solution was homogenized, and absorbance was measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 660 nm. Anti-inflammatory effectiveness is seen from the IC₅₀ value. The results showed that soursop leaf extract cream preparations could inhibit protein denaturation. An IC₅₀ value of 291.11 µg/mL.

Keywords: Soursop leaves, anti-inflammation, in vitro, protein denaturatio

Obat-obat anti-inflamasi seperti golongan steroid dan anti-inflamasi non steroid (AINS) diketahui memiliki efek samping yang patut diperhitungkan sehingga diperlukan suatu alternatif dengan efek samping minimal. Di samping pemberian anti inflamasi per oral, juga semakin banyak dikembangkan sediaan topikal dengan alasan kepraktisan dan efek samping minimal yang dapat ditimbulkan. Salah satu tanaman obat yang sering digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati inflamasi adalah daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.). Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki efek anti-inflamasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium yang bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas sediaan krim anti-inflamasi ekstrak daun sirsak secara in vitro. Sediaan krim yang telah diformulasi diuji stabilitasnya sebelum dan sesudah penyimpanan dipercepat. Efektivitas anti-inflamasi diuji secara in vitro menggunakan metode inhibisi denaturasi protein dengan membuat masing-masing seri larutan kontrol positif Na. Diklofenak, sediaan krim, dan kontrol negatif yang dilarutkan menggunakan larutan BSA 0,2 % dalam pelarut TBS pH 6.2 – 6.5. Kemudian larutan diinkubasi selama 30 menit dan dipanaskan selama 2 menit pada suhu 100⁰C. Setelah dingin, larutan dihomogenkan dan dilakukan pengukuran absorbans dengan spektrofotometer UV-Visibel pada panjang gelombang 660 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sediaan krim ekstrak daun sirsak dapat menghambat denaturasi protein dilihat. Nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 291.11 µg/mL

Kata kunci : Daun sirsak, anti inflamasi, in vitro, denaturasi protein