HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG INISIASI MENYUSU DINI (IMD) DENGAN PENERAPAN IMD DI PUSKESMAS JUMPANDANG BARU MAKASSAR 2019 The Correlation between Mother’s Knowledge about Early Initiation of Breastfeeding with the Implementation of Early Initiation Breastfeeding In Jumpandang Baru Health Center Public City in Makassar 2019

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Based on the results of monitoring nutritional status in 2017, the percentage of babies who get exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is 35.73%. For the Province of South Sulawesi at 42.13%, while for the city of Makassar at 45.8% (Ministry of Health, 2018). According to Riskesdas in 2013, the most breastfeeding process began in 1-6 hours after birth (35.2%) and less than 1 hour (early initiation of breastfeeding) was 34.5%. While the lowest breastfeeding process occurs at 7-23 hours after birth which is 3.7% (Riskesdas, 2013).  Based on a preliminary survey conducted by researchers, it was found that in one of the Public Health Center in Makassar, the Jumpandang Baru Health Center Public of Makassar that the researchers visited, conducted 106 Early Breastfeeding Initiations as recommended by reasoning that it could reduce AKI, one of which was due to hypothermia. From the data above and based on previous studies and obtained from interviews and observations conducted by researchers there are many factors that influence the early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) both from mothers, infants and health workers who assist in childbirth. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of maternal knowledge about Early Breastfeeding (IMD) and the application of IMD in the Jumpandang Baru Health Center Public in Makassar. This research uses analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was maternity in the Jumpandang Baru Health Center Public in Makassar. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling technique as many as 35 people. Data was collected using a questionnaire instrument and delivery reports in the Jumpandang Baru Health Center Public in Makassar. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately by Chi-square Test. There is a relationship between maternal knowledge about Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD) with the application of IMD in the Jumpandang Baru Health Center Public in Makassar 2019 (p value 0,004 < α= 0,05), with a rather low inter-variable relationship strength the coefficient Phi (μ) = 0.485 or 48 , 5%. So it can be concluded that there is a the correlation between the mother's knowledge about Early Initiation of Breastfeeding with the implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD) in the Jumpandang Baru Health Center Public in Makassar 2019. 

Keywords: Knowledge, Early Initiation of Breastfeeding.

ABSTRAK

Berdasarkan hasil pemantauan status gizi tahun 2017, persentase bayi yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif di Indonesia sebesar 35,73%. Untuk Povinsi Sulawesi Selatan sebesar 42,13%, sedangkan untuk kota Makassar sebesar 45,8% (Kemenkes, 2018). Menurut Riskesdas 2013, proses mulai menyusui terbanyak terjadi pada 1-6 jam setelah kelahiran (35,2%) dan kurang dari 1 jam (inisiasi menyusui dini) sebesar 34,5%. Sedangkan proses mulai menyusui terendah terjadi pada 7-23 jam setelah kelahiran yaitu sebesar 3,7% (Riskesdas, 2013).  Berdasarkan survei pendahuluan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti didapatkan bahwa di salah satu Puskesmas di Kota Makassar yaitu Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru yang peneliti kunjungi melakukan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini sebanyak 106 bayi baru lahir sesuai dengan yang dianjurkan dengan alasan dapat mengurangi AKI salah satunya akibat hipotermi. Dari data yang di atas dan berdasarkan  penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya serta diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan pengamatan yang dilakukan peneliti ada banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi dilakukannya Inisiasi menyusu dini (IMD) baik dari ibu, bayi dan tenaga kesehatan yang menolong persalinan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang Iniasiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) dengan penerapan IMD di Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru Makassar. Penelitian survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah ibu bersalin yang ada di Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru Makassar. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu sebanyak 35 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner dan laporan persalinan Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru Makassar. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan Uji Chi-square. Ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) dengan penerapan IMD di Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru Makassar 2019 (p value 0,004 < α= 0,05), dengan kekuatan hubungan antarvariabel agak rendah diperoleh nilai koefisien Phi (μ)= 0,485 atau sebesar 48,5%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang Iniasiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) dengan penerapan IMD di Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru Makassar 2019.

Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, Inisiasi Menyusu Dini.