GAMBARAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI QUALITY OF SLEEP AMONG HYPERTENSION PATIENTS

Putwi Rizki Sakinah; cecep eli kosasih; Eka Afrima Sari

doi:10.32382/medkes.v13i2.663

GAMBARAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI QUALITY OF SLEEP AMONG HYPERTENSION PATIENTS

Putwi Rizki Sakinah, cecep eli kosasih, Eka Afrima Sari

Abstract

Abstract

People with hypertension experience symptoms of dizziness, headache, obstructive sleep apnea, shortness of breath, nocturia, and restless legs syndrome which disturb sleep and reduce its quality. This research’s objective was to describe the sleep quality overview of Puskesmas Rancaekek’s hypertension patients. Using descriptive quantitative method with purposive sampling technique, this research aimed at 79 Puskesmas Rancaekek’s patients who had been diagnosed with hypertension for at least one month long. The data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and analysed using the total score resulted; ≤5 was good while >5 was poor. Results showed 94.6% of respondents had poor sleep quality. The dimensions that contribute to the poor sleep quality included >30 minutes sleep latency, <5 hours sleep duration, <65% of sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance due to waking up at midnight or early morning and waking up to toilet, and activity disturbance at daylight. The conclusion was that Puskesmas need to develop preventive and promotive efforts to minimize the complication of hypertension patients and optimize their quality of life by helping them improve their quality of sleep. Meanwhile, the self-management that should be done by the patients were avoiding the consumption of coffee and cigarettes, limiting physical activities, and doing physical exercise and relaxation therapies.

Key Words: Hypertension, Sleep Quality, PSQI

Abstrak

Penderita hipertensi mengalami gejala pusing, nyeri kepala, obstructive sleep apnea, sesak napas, nokturia, restless legs syndrome yang mengganggu tidur dan berdampak pada kualitas tidur serta mempengaruhi kualitas hidup dan tekanan darah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran kualitas tidur pada penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Rancaekek. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 79 penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Rancaekek yang telah didiagnosis dokter minimal 1 bulan. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) dan dianalisis menggunakan total skor, jika skor ≤ 5 baik dan skor > 5 buruk. Hasil menunjukan 94,6% responden memiliki kualitas tidur buruk. Dimensi yang berkontribusi terhadap kualitas tidur buruk yaitu latensi tidur tidak dapat tertidur dalam waktu 30 menit, durasi tidur <5 jam, efisiensi kebiasaan tidur <65%, gangguan tidur karena terbangun tengah malam atau pagi sekali dan terbangun karena ingin ke toilet, serta gangguan aktivitas pada siang hari. Puskesmas perlu mengembangkan upaya preventif dan promotif untuk meminimalisir komplikasi penderita hipertensi dan pencapaian kualitas hidup optimal salah satunya dengan membantu meningkatkan kualitas tidur. Dengan mengedukasi penderita untuk menghindari konsumsi kopi dan rokok, membatasi aktivitas fisik, melakukan latihan fisik, dan terapi relaksasi.

Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Kualitas Tidur, PSQI

Keywords

Hipertensi, Kualitas Tidur, PSQI, Hypertension, Sleep Quality

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32382/medkes.v13i2.663