The Comparison Between Extracts of Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum) and Papaya Leaves (Carica papaya) in Killing Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes

Abstract

Mosquitoes are a medium for transmitting certain diseases which are classified as vector borne diseases. The disease that is spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito is dengue fever. According to data compiled by the Ministry of Health, dengue cases in Indonesia until July 2020 reached 71,633 cases and in 2019 there were 112,954 cases. The control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes can use vegetable insecticides, such as the use of basil leaves which have chemical compounds of flavonoids and saponins. Papaya leaves also contain chemical tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. These toxic compounds can cause the death of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The study aims was to compare the ability of basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum) and papaya leaves (Carica papaya) in killing Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The type of research used was experimental. The samples in this study were 20 Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that were presented using basil leaf extract and papaya leaves with concentrations of 55%, 60% and 65%, with a spray method for 60 minutes. The results showed that there were differences in the results of basil leaf extract trials with papaya leaf extract. Concentrations that reach a mortality percentage of 80% are at a concentration of 65% found in basil leaf extract, while in papaya leaf extract the percentage of death obtained is 70% at a concentration of 65%. Both extracts meet lethal consentration standards.

Keywords: Particulate Matter, Merchants, Respiratory Disorders